计算机英语高级词汇

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计算机英语高级词汇•Language<br/>CSS（Cascading Style Sheets，层叠格式表）<br/>DCD（Document Content Description for XML，XML文件内容描述）<br/>DTD（Document Type Definition，文件类型定义）<br/>HTML（Hyper Text Markup Language，超文本标记语言）<br/>JVM（Java Virtual Machine，Java虚拟机）<br/>OJI（Open Java VM Interface，开放JAVA虚拟机接口）<br/>SGML（Standard Generalized Markup Language，标准通用标记语言）<br/>SMIL（Synchronous Multimedia Integrate Language，同步多媒体集成语言）<br/>VRML（Virtual Reality Makeup Language，虚拟现实结构化语言）<br/>VXML（Voice eXtensible Markup Language，语音扩展标记语言）<br/>XML（Extensible Markup Language，可扩展标记语言）<br/>XSL（Extensible Style Sheet Language，可扩展设计语言）<br/>计算机英语高级词汇•Network<br/>ADSL（Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line，不对称数字订阅线路）<br/>AH（Authentication Header，鉴定文件头）<br/>AMR（Audio/Modem Riser，音效/数据主机板附加直立插卡）<br/>ARP（Address Resolution Protocol，地址解析协议）<br/>ATM（Asynchronous Transfer Mode，异步传输模式）<br/>BOD（Bandwidth On Demand，弹性带宽运用）<br/>CBR（Committed Burst Rate，约定突发速率）<br/>CCIRN（Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networking，洲际研究网络协调委员会）<br/>CCM（Call Control Manager，拨号控制管理）<br/>CDSL（Consumer Digital Subscriber Line，消费者数字订阅线路）<br/>CGI（Common Gateway Interface，通用网关接口）<br/>CIEA（Commercial Internet Exchange Association，商业因特网交易协会）<br/>CIR（Committed Information Rate，约定信息速率）<br/>CTS（Clear to Send，清除发送）<br/>DBS-PC（Direct Broadcast Satellite PC，人造卫星直接广播式PC）<br/>DCE（Data Circuit Terminal Equipment，数据通信设备）<br/>DES（Data Encryption Standard，数据加密标准）<br/>DMT（Discrete Multi - Tone，不连续多基频模式）<br/>DNS（Domain Name System，域名系统）<br/>DOCSIS（Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications，线缆服务接口数据规格）<br/>DTE（Data Terminal Equipment，数据终端设备）<br/>EBR（Excess Burst Rate，超额突发速率）<br/>ESP（Encapsulating Security Payload，压缩安全有效载荷）<br/>FDM（Frequency Division Multi，频率分离）<br/>Flow-control（流控制）<br/>FRICC（Federal Research Internet Coordinating Committee，联邦调查因特网协调委员会）<br/>FTP（File Transfer Protocol，文件传输协议）<br/>Ghost（General Hardware Oriented System Transfer，全面硬件导向系统转移）

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HDSL（High bit rate DSL，高比特率数字订阅线路）<br/>HTTP（Hyper Text Transfer Protocol，超文本传输协议）<br/>ICMP（Internet Control Message Protocol，因特网信息控制协议）<br/>IETF（Internet Engineering Task Framework，因特网工程任务组）<br/>IKE（Internet Key Exchange，因特网密钥交换协议）<br/>IMAP4（Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4，第四版因特网信息存取协议）<br/>Internet（因特网）<br/>IP（Internet Protocol，网际协议）<br/>ISDN（Integrated Service Digital Network，综合服务数字网络）<br/>ISOC（Internet Society，因特网协会）<br/>ISP（Internet Service Provider，因特网服务提供商）<br/>LAN（Local Area Network，局域网）<br/>LDAP（Lightweight Directory Access Protocol，轻权目录访问协议）<br/>LOM（LAN-on-Motherboard）<br/>IAB（Internet Activities Board，因特网工作委员会）<br/>IETF（Internet Engineering Task Force，因特网工程作业推动）<br/>L2TP（Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol，二级通道协议）<br/>LMDS（Local Multipoint Distributed System，局域多点分布式系统）<br/>MIME（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension，多用途因特网邮件扩展协议）<br/>MNP（Microcom Networking Protocol）<br/>MODEM（Modulator Demodulator，调制解调器）<br/>NAT（Network Address Translation，网络地址转换）<br/>NC（Network Computer，网络计算机）<br/>NDS（Novell Directory Service，Novell目录服务）<br/>NNTP（Network News Transfer Protocol，网络新闻传输协议）<br/>MSN（Microsoft Network，微软网络）<br/>OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，直角频率部分多路复用）<br/>3P（Privacy Preference Project，个人私隐安全平台）<br/>DS（Public Directory Support，公众目录支持）<br/>GP（Pretty Good Privacy，优良保密协议）<br/>ICS（Platform for Internet Content Selection，因特网内容选择平台）<br/>OF（Polymer Optical Fiber，聚合体光纤）<br/>OP3（Post Office Protocol Version 3，第三版电子邮局协议）<br/>PTP（Point to Point Tunneling Protocol，点对点通道协议）<br/>RADSL（Rate Adaptive DSL，速率自适应数字订阅线路）<br/>RARP（Reverse Address Resolution Protocol，反向地址解析协议）<br/>RDF（Resource Description Framework，资源描述框架）<br/>RSA（Rivest Shamir Adlemen，一种因特网加密和认证体系）<br/>RTS（Request To Send，需求发送）<br/>SIS（Switched Internetworking Services，交换式网络互联服务）<br/>S/MIME（Secure MIME，安全多用途因特网邮件扩展协议）<br/>SNMP（Simple Network Management Protocol，简单网络管理协议）<br/>SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol，简单邮件传输协议）<br/>SKIP（Simple Key Exchange Internet Protocol，因特网简单密钥交换协议）<br/>SUA（Single User Account，单用户账号）<br/>TCP（Transmission Control Protocol，传输控制协议）<br/>UART（Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter，通用异步接收/发送装置）<br/>UDP（User Datagram Protocol，用户数据报协议）<br/>ULS（User Location Service，用户定位服务）<br/>VOD（Video On Demand，视频点播）<br/>VPN（virtual private network，虚拟局域网）<br/>WWW（World Wide Web，万维网，是因特网的一部分）

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<p>常见Internet英语术语表<br/>ADN </p><p>　　(Advanced Digital Network)－－Usually refers to a 56Kbps leased-line. </p><p>　　Applet </p><p>　　A small Java program that can be embedded in an HTML page. Applets differ from full-fledged Java applications in that they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local computer, such as files and serial devices (modems, printers, etc.), and are prohibited from communicating with most other computers across a network. The current rule is that an applet can only make an Internet connection to the computer from which the applet was sent. </p><p>　　Archie </p><p>　　A tool (software) for finding files stored on anonymous FTP sites. You need to know the exact file name or a sub string of it. </p><p>　　ARPANet </p><p>　　(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)－－The precursor to the Internet. Developed in the late 60's and early 70's by the US Department of Defense, as an experiment in wide-area-networking that would survive a nuclear war. </p><p>　　ASCII </p><p>　　(American Standard Code for Information Interchange)－－This is the de facto world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-case Latin letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a 7 digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111. </p><p>　　Backbone </p><p>　　A high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network. The term is relative as a backbone in a small network will likely be much smaller than many non-backbone lines in a large network. </p><p>　　Bandwidth </p><p>　　How much stuff you can send through a connection. Usually measured in bits-per-second. A full page of English text is about 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move about 15,000 bits in one second. Full-motion full-screen video would require roughly 10,000,000 bits-per-second, depending on compression. </p><p>　　Baud </p><p>　　In common usage the baud rate of a modem is how many bits it can send or receive per second. Technically, baud is the number of times per second that the carrier signal shifts value - for example a 1200 bit-per-second modem actually runs at 300 baud, but it moves 4 bits per baud (4 x 300 = 1200 bits per second). <br/></p>

翔羽

<p>BBS </p><p>　　(Bulletin Board System)－－A computerized meeting and announcement system that allows people to carry on discussions, upload and download files, and make announcements without the people being connected to the computer at the same time. There are many thousands (millions?) of BBS's around the world, most are very small, running on a single IBM clone PC with 1 or 2 phone lines. Some are very large and the line between a BBS and a system like CompuServe gets crossed at some point, but it is not clearly drawn. </p><p>　　Binhex </p><p>　　(BINary HEXadecimal)－－A method for converting non-text files (non-ASCII) into ASCII. This is needed because Internet e-mail can only handle ASCII. </p><p>　　Bit <br/>　　(Binary DigIT)－－A single digit number in base-2, in other words, either a 1 or a zero. The smallest unit of computerized data. Bandwidth is usually measured in bits-per-second. </p><p>　　BITNET </p><p>　　(Because It's Time NETwork (or Because It's There NETwork)) －－A network of educational sites separate from the Internet, but e-mail is freely exchanged between BITNET and the Internet. Listservs, the most popular form of e-mail discussion groups, originated on BITNET. BITNET machines are usually mainframes running the VMS operating system, and the network is probably the only international network that is shrinking. </p><p>　　Bps </p><p>　　(Bits-Per-Second)－－A measurement of how fast data is moved from one place to another. A 28.8 modem can move 28,800 bits per second. </p><p>　　Browser </p><p>　　A Client program (software) that is used to look at various kinds of Internet resources. </p><p>　　BTW </p><p>　　(By The Way)－－A shorthand appended to a comment written in an online forum. </p><p>　　Byte </p><p>　　A set of Bits that represent a single character. Usually there are 8 Bits in a Byte, sometimes more, depending on how the measurement is being made.</p>

翔羽

常见硬件和设备英文名说明<br/>　CPU：Central Processing Unit，中央处理单元，即中央处理器或微处理器，为电脑的心脏。 <br/>　　RAM：Random Access Memory，随机存储器，即人们常说的“内存”。 <br/>　　ROM：Read－Only Memory，只读存储器。 <br/>　　EDO：Extended Data Output，扩充数据输出。当CPU的处理速度不断提高时，也相应地要求不断提高DRAM传送数据速度，一般来说，FPM（Fast Page Model）DRAM传送数据速度在60－70ns，而EDO DRAM比FPM快3倍，达20ns。目前最快的是SDRAM（Synchronous DRAM，同步动态存储器），其存取速度高达10ns。 <br/>　　SDRAM：Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory，同步动态随机存储器，又称同步DRAM，为新一代动态存储器。它可以与CPU总线使用同一个时钟，因此，SDRAM存储器较EDO存储器能使计算机的性能大大提高。 <br/>　　Cache：英文含义为“（勘探人员等贮藏粮食、器材等的）地窖，藏物处”。电脑中为高速缓冲存储器，是位于CPU和主存储器DRAM（Dynamic Randon Access Memory）之间，规模较小，但速度很高的存储器，通常由SRAM（Static Random Access Memory静态存储器）组成。 <br/>　　CMOS：是Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor的缩写，含义为互补金属氧化物半导体（指互补金属氧化物半导体存储器）。CMOS是目前绝大多数电脑中都使用的一种用电池供电的存储器（RAM）。它是确定系统的硬件配置，优化微机整体性能，进行系统维护的重要工具。它保存一些有关系统硬件设置等方面的信息，在关机以后，这些信息也继续存在（这一点与RAM完全不同）。开机时，电脑需要用这些信息来启动系统。如果不慎或发生意外而弄乱 了CMOS中保留的信息，电脑系统将不能正常启动。 <br/>　　PCI：Peripheral Component Interconnection，局部总线（ 总线是计算机用于把信息从一个设备传送到另一个设备的高速通道）。PCI总线是目前较为先进的一种总线结构，其功能比其他总线有很大的提高，可支持突发读写操作，最高传输率可达132Mbps，是数据传输最快的总线之一，可同时支持多组外围设备。PCI不受制于CPU处理器，并能兼容现有的各种总线，其主板插槽体积小，因此成本低，利于推广。 <br/>　　Seagate：美国希捷硬盘生产商。Seagate英文意思为“通往海洋的门户”，常指通海的运河等。 <br/>　　Quantum：英文含意为“定量，总量”。著名硬盘商标，美国昆腾硬盘生产商（Quantum Corporation）。 <br/>　　Maxtor：“水晶”，美国Maxtor硬盘公司。 <br/>　　LD：Laser Disk，镭射光盘，又称激光视盘。 <br/>　　CD：Compact Disc，压缩光盘，又称激光唱盘。 <br/>　　CD－ROM：Compact Disc－Read Only Memory，压缩光盘－只读记忆（存储），又叫“只读光盘”。 <br/>　　VCD：Video Compact Disc，视频压缩光盘，即人们通常所说的“小影碟”。 <br/>　　DVD：至今有许多人把DVD视为Digital Video Disc（数字视频光盘）的缩写，事实上，从1995年9月，索尼／飞利浦和东芝／时代华纳两大DVD开发集团达成DVD统一标准后，DVD的内涵有了很大的变化，它已成了数字通用光盘，即Digital Versatile Disc的英文缩写。Versatile“通用”的含义表明了DVD用途的多元化，它不仅可用于影视娱乐，还可用于多媒体计算机等领域。目前按其用途可分为5种类型：1、计算机用只读光盘——DVD－ROM；2、家用型影音光盘——DVD－Movie；3、专供音乐欣赏的DVD Audio；4、只写一次的光盘——DVD－R；5、可读写多次的光盘——DVD－RAM。 <br/>　　Modem：调制解调器，家用电脑上Internet（国际互联网）网的必备工具，在一般英汉字典中是查不到Modem这个词的，它是调制器（MOdulator）与解调器（DEModulator）的缩写形式。Modem是实现计算机通信的一种必不可少的外部设备。因为计算机的数据是数字信号，欲将其通过传输线路（例如电话线）传送到远距离处的另一台计算机或其它终端（如电传打字机等），必须将数字信号转换成适合于传输的模拟信号（调制信号）。在接收端又要将接收到的模拟信号恢复成原来的数字信号，这就需要利用调制解调器。 <br/>　　UPS：为Uninterruptible Power Supply（不间断电源）的英文缩写。它是伴随着计算机的诞生而出现的，是电脑的重要外围设备之一。UPS是一种含有储能装置，以逆变器为主要组成的恒压恒频的不间断电源，用以保护电脑在突然断电时不会丢失重要的数据。 <br/>　　TFT：有源矩阵彩色显示器，简称TFT显示器，专用于笔记本电脑。TFT显示器具有刷新速度快、色彩逼真、亮度鲜明等优点。此外，它还具有无闪烁、无辐射、无静电等“绿色电脑”所必需的特点。<br/>

emptyed

好，以前有好多不知道什么意思现在找到了。

czyhsoul

恩,lZ的东西超级多，而且质量大大的好啊

杜宇

<p></p>

i.minos

感谢分享!!

不抓老鼠的猫

真好。。。。。。。。。