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标题: 烽火戏诸候A Legend about Beacon Tower [打印本页]

作者: 退隐网络    时间: 2010-8-19 10:33
标题: 烽火戏诸候A Legend about Beacon Tower
周宣王死后,子宫涅即位,就是幽王。周幽王开始主持朝政时,社会动荡多事,内外交困,而周幽王却任命"善谀好利"的虢石父为卿士,引起国人很大的怨愤。他又宠爱褒姒,将申后和太子宜臼废掉,立褒姒为皇后,以褒姒子伯服为太子。褒姒为褒国(今陕西汉中西北)人,姒姓。幽王昏淫无道,只知讨好褒姒,不关心民众。褒姒不喜欢笑,幽王费尽心机欲图褒姒一笑,而褒姒始终不笑。在古时为有利于传递军事情况,往往于军事要地,每隔一段距离建一座高大的高台,称作"烽火台"。如果有敌入侵,白天则举烟,夜里则举火报警。倘若周天子举烽火报警,诸候都有派兵驰援之义务。周幽王为博得褒姒一笑,无敌来犯却点燃烽火,诸候以为有敌犯周,纷纷率军队至京城勤王,来到之后,才明白是空跑一场。此情景引起褒姒开怀大笑。幽王为此而数举烽火,其后诸候遂不至。这个典故就是后人所说的"烽火戏诸候"。

  周幽王姬宫涅在幽王五年废申后及其太子宜臼的时候,遭到大臣卿士极力反对,但姬宫涅一意孤行。宜臼被废后,到其母家申国逃难。这时候周王朝的力量十分衰微,就好似一中等诸候国,齐、鲁、晋、卫已不听从周王朝的命令而独立。申候虽不满姬宫涅,但还没有公然叛周。幽王八年,姬宫涅立褒姒子伯服为太子,遂使周、申之间矛盾趋于表面化。幽王九年,申候与西戎及郐候联合,准备反周。第二年,姬宫涅针锋相对,与诸候结盟于太室山,并派兵讨伐申国以示威。幽王十一年(公元前771年),申候与郐国、犬戎举兵讨伐镐京,因先前有烽火戏诸候之举,故姬宫涅再燃烽火而诸候不至,势穷力孤,被打得大败,带领褒姒、伯服等人及郑伯友(桓公)向东逃窜,在骊山下坡被戎兵追及,戎兵杀姬宫涅、伯服和郑伯友,掳褒姒,掠夺周室财宝而去。幽王死后,申候、鲁候、许文公等共立原太子宜臼于申,虢公翰又另立王子余臣携(今地址不详),形成两王并立的局面。宜臼为避犬戎,将首都迁到洛邑,是为周平王。另立的周王余臣在公元前760年被晋文候所杀。

The beacon towers on hilltops often played a key role in military communication in ancient war times. Once the enemy pressed towards the border, the signal from the beacon tower would be sent by beacon (fires or lanterns) during the night or by smoke signals in the daytime.

A famous story is told about Baosi, Queen of the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC - 711 BC). She was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He "called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs", and she looked unhappy. Then the band was asked to "play the bamboo flute and strings", and she remained displeased. Afterwards, "maids of honor served wine, festively singing and dancing", and she still did not smile.

"You don't like music! What on earth are you fond of?" the King asked.

"I don't have much of a liking for anything. But I can still well remember when I was a child. I liked to listen to the sound of colored silk being torn. It was clear and melodious," she replied. King You said in excitement, "That is very simple. Why didn't you let me know that earlier?"

Then the King ordered the official property manager to produce colored silk. He assembled fresh and energetic maids of honor and had them tear the silk into pieces, but Queen Baosi remained unmoved.

"Why won't you smile now?" he asked.

"I have not smiled so far," the Queen replied.

The King tried over and over again, but failed. In the end he gave an order: "Anyone, either in or out of court, who can amuse Queen Baosi will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold."

Afterwards, Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official, came and offered advice: "Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers." That night the King and Queen reached Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In a split second, the flames of the fire lit up the sky and the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to Lishan Mountain. There they found the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them, "Everything is all right. I have just been joking with you." When they heard this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, leaving disappointed. Sure enough, Queen Baosi burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops who had come in vain and now returned noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later, King You repeated his joke more often than not. In 771 B.C., Quan Rong (a then ethnic group) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou dynasty. King You urgently ordered the beacon tower set on fire, but all the sovereign rulers did not come. Consequently King You was killed, and Baosi was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Hence come the Chinese idioms: "A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold" and "The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire."
作者: 土豆    时间: 2011-7-13 09:07
我帮你 喝喝  
作者: cherie    时间: 2011-7-13 09:07
越办越好~~~~~~~~~`  
作者: 时光倒流    时间: 2011-7-13 09:07
挺好啊  
作者: ctdsb2011    时间: 2011-7-16 12:47
哈哈,顶你了哦.  
作者: aizhijia    时间: 2011-7-16 12:47
我顶啊。接着顶  
作者: hasee    时间: 2011-7-16 12:47
必须顶  
作者: c1532    时间: 2011-7-18 23:59
回帖是种美德.  
作者: titmc    时间: 2011-7-18 23:59
我帮你 喝喝  
作者: hasee    时间: 2011-7-18 23:59
HOHO~~~~~~  
作者: aizhijia    时间: 2011-7-22 10:16
不错不错.,..我喜欢  
作者: hasee    时间: 2011-7-22 10:16
ding   支持  
作者: bestquality    时间: 2011-7-24 22:43
回复一下  
作者: anything    时间: 2011-7-24 22:43
HOHO~~~~~~  
作者: 安彤    时间: 2011-7-27 11:22
谢谢分享  
作者: bestquality    时间: 2011-7-27 11:22
哈哈,顶你了哦.  
作者: 土豆    时间: 2011-7-27 11:22
看看..  
作者: c1532    时间: 2011-8-2 14:59
岂能尽如人意,但求无愧我心。  
作者: 去12    时间: 2011-8-2 14:59
感謝樓主  
作者: titmc    时间: 2011-8-2 14:59
加油啊!!!!顶哦!!!!!  
作者: 老鼠    时间: 2011-8-9 13:09
哥最近喜欢上了顶贴,因为,如果帖子火了,那有哥的功劳。如果帖子被顶沉了....哥也会很有成就感...因为是哥搞沉的~~大家切记~不要迷恋哥~哥只是一个传说




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